Beyond Netanyahu: What Israel’s Election Means for Palestinians
by Ramzy
Baroud | Nov 2, 2026
In the past, many Palestinians and Arabs followed
Israeli elections closely.
They did so not because they entertained illusions
that a Zionist leader would deliver peace and justice, dismantle the occupation
or remove illegal settlements. Rather, they feared that some Israeli leaders
were worse than others. They hoped to avert the worst-case scenario.
Over time, however, that distinction gave way to the
belief that all Israeli leaders were essentially the same. This is not
pessimism. It is experience.
Consider, for example, the expansion of illegal Jewish settlements during the Oslo peace
process under Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.
Between 1992 and 1995, the number of Israeli settlers
in the West Bank, excluding East Jerusalem, increased from 111,673 to 140,235 – a rise of more than 25
percent, according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, drawing on
Israeli statistical records.
The same pattern continued under the Labor government
of Ehud Barak.
Within his first six months, Barak’s government issued tenders for 3,196 settlement housing units, exceeding
the annual average under his right-wing predecessor, Benjamin Netanyahu.
When Naftali Bennett formed a coalition government in June 2021 that included the
Arab party Ra’am, settlement expansion continued unabated.
According to Peace Now, the Bennett–Lapid government advanced plans for 7,292 settlement housing units during its
first year, a 26-percent increase over the annual average recorded under
previous Netanyahu governments.
The settlements are themselves a driving force behind
the occupation. They require land, and therefore land confiscation; protection,
and therefore an expanded military presence; water, roads and infrastructure,
and therefore the appropriation of Palestinian resources. Together, these
elements deepen dispossession and generate further Israeli violence.
According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of
Statistics, the West Bank contained 645 Israeli settlement sites, outposts and other
occupation installations by the end of 2025, including 350 settlement outposts.
The Palestinian Colonization and Wall Resistance
Commission reported that Israeli authorities targeted approximately
29,335 dunums of Palestinian land through declarations of so-called “state
land” between October 2023 and August 2026—one of the largest waves of such
land appropriation since Oslo.
By September 2026, the Commission had also documented the advancement or consideration of plans for more
than 18,000 additional settlement housing units across the West Bank and
occupied East Jerusalem.
Alongside this expansion is the violence unfolding
across the West Bank.
By the end of 2023, the West Bank had experienced its deadliest year for Palestinians since the UN
began systematically recording casualties in 2005.
The Colonization and Wall Resistance Commission documented 23,827 attacks by Israeli forces and settlers against
Palestinians and their property during 2025 alone. In the first seven months of
2026, settler attacks increased by 63 percent compared with the corresponding
period of the previous year.
Typically, this violence, carried out by the Israeli
occupation army and armed illegal settlers, is contextualized within the
ongoing genocide in Gaza. But violence in the West Bank also serves another
purpose beyond collective punishment: the confiscation of Palestinian orchards,
the annexation of land, the expansion of settlements and the crushing of
Palestinian resistance, including nonviolent opposition to this colonial
enterprise.
Any Israeli candidate in the October 27 elections who
supports settlement expansion does so with full knowledge of its consequences:
further dispossession, military occupation, annexation and violence.
The difference between Prime Minister Benjamin
Netanyahu, Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich and National Security Minister
Itamar Ben-Gvir, and politicians presented as less extreme, is often one of
language, strategy and timing.
Former Israeli military chief and Yashar party leader
Gadi Eisenkot, for example, openly supports the expansion of Israeli
settlements in the occupied West Bank, despite his reputation as a more
‘moderate’ alternative to Netanyahu.
What, then, about Gaza?
Who among Israel’s leading political figures is
promising to end the genocide, lift the siege, ensure unrestricted humanitarian
aid, restrain the army or investigate violations of international law? None.
Israeli media have spent the past three years
reporting on major disagreements between the government, military
establishment, intelligence agencies and political opposition over what should
happen in Gaza.
Yet, Eisenkot has pledged to end Hamas’ rule in Gaza within 18 months of taking
office, whether through the Trump framework or through continued war.
For his part, opposition leader and former Prime
Minister Yair Lapid has proposed placing Gaza under Egyptian administration for 15
years, effectively shifting responsibility for Israel’s actions onto Arab
states.
Former Prime Minister Naftali Bennett, meanwhile,
supports continued Israeli military control until Palestinian groups are
disarmed.
The disagreement, therefore, is often over how Israel
should achieve its objectives, rather than whether those objectives should
change.
Other major disagreements primarily concern Israeli
society: the conscription of ultra-Orthodox Jews, judicial reform,
accountability for the failures of October 7.
But these disputes should not be confused with the
questions that matter most to Palestinians.
If Netanyahu succeeds in forming another right-wing
coalition, the policies of occupation, settlement expansion and military
confrontation will continue, potentially with renewed momentum.
If Israel produces a broader coalition, its members
may reach compromises over judicial reform, conscription and other domestic
disputes. The occupation, however, is unlikely to become the central point of
disagreement.
More troubling still, even a government leaning toward
the center-left might succeed in presenting Israel to the international
community as a country ready to move beyond the image it acquired during three
years of genocide, without fundamentally changing its conduct on the ground.
The international community must therefore remain
vigilant. It cannot allow a future Israeli government to present itself as a
peacemaker, or sell the illusion of a newly reformed Israel, while continuing
to invest in settlements, occupation, war and genocide.